Participle Clauses (Basic)

Shorten clauses with -ing or -ed.

Examples

• Walking home, I met Tom.

Key rules

• Present participle for active, same time: Walking home, I met him
• Past participle for passive: Built in 1900, the house is old
• Having + participle for earlier action
• The subject must match the main clause

Common mistakes

• Walk down the street, a car hit me → Walking down the street, I was hit by a car
• Finishing the work, the boss left (wrong subject) → Having finished the work, I left